SEARCH FOR RESISTANCE TO POTATO SOFT ROT IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE NORTH-EASTERN FOREST-STEPPE OF UKRAINE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/naturaljournal.11.2025.16Keywords:
soft rot, potatoes, waterlogging, adaptation, biotechnology, phytohormones, virusesAbstract
Plants are exposed to a variety of environmental stressors, including pathogens. It is pathogens that interact with susceptible plant varieties that can cause disease under certain environmental conditions. Soft rot pathogens (SRMs) of the Pectobacterium family are a group of pathogenic bacteria that are caused by waterlogging and the associated hypoxia, a common problem in agriculture. Excessive moisture is a favorable environment for this group of pathogens. Waterlogging itself is an important source of abiotic stress for plants due to reduced gas exchange, which is where hypoxia is detected. The plant response is modulated by hormonal changes that trigger metabolic and physiological adaptation to environmental conditions.Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is sensitive to this environmental stress, although it can senseand respond to hypoxia: in response to hypoxia, SRP induces the production of virulence factorsusing cyclic diguanylic acid (c-di-GMP). As a result, potato tubers have protection to conserve energy and prevent adverse weather conditions, but this does not always work, because sometimes plants are affected by soft rot. To reduce losses from soft rot, sensitive and reliable methods for detecting pathogens and isolating infected plants are needed.The aim of our study was to analyze, systematize data on the distribution, harmfulness, mechanismof resistance to waterlogging, and methods for controlling pathogens of the potato pathogen. Potato resistance to the pathogen may be due not only to waterlogging, but also to beneficial microorganisms that can trigger the plant’s natural defenses against bacterial infection. However, most of the known microorganisms beneficial to plants suffer from hypoxia and can be affected by plant pathogens, so we believe that to mitigate the impact on plants, by searching for microorganisms that can tolerate hypoxic conditions, or by improving the soil structure. The main elements of the potato response to hypoxiaand CRP (C-reactive protein) infection are analyzed, as well as future prospects for the prevention of soft rot, taking into account the influence of environmental conditions.A study was conducted to determine the resistance of interspecific hybrids, potato varieties to soft rot by field and laboratory-field methods in the conditions of the North-Eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine, as well as the analysis and generalization of the results obtained.
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