FORMATION OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC PRODUCTIVITY INDICATORS OF MARIGOLD CROPS DEPENDING ON THE METHODS OF APPLICATION OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS

Abstract

A significant range of pharmacological effects of medicinal preparations from plant raw materials determines their significant place in the arsenal of therapeutic agents. It is known that a significant advantage of natural medicinal raw materials, compared to synthetic drugs, is greater safetyand the ability to influence the etiology of the disease, and not only its consequences. Marigold(Calendula officinalis L.) is a common medicinal plant that can be grown in all areas of Ukraine, however, to obtain high-quality medicinal raw materials, it is desirable to include plant growth regulators inthe technology of growing the crop. The purpose of the research was to assess the photosynthetic productivity of marigolds according to the following indicators: leaf surface area (by development phases using the “cutting” method) and photosynthetic potential depending on the methods of applicationof plant growth regulators. The research was carried out with the marigold variety Soniachna Krasunia. A two-factor experiment was set up, where factor A is a growth regulator (without a growth regulator – control, Ivin, Avangard Stimul, Azotofit R), factor B is the method of applying the growth regulator (seed treatment, spraying of sowing in the leaf rosette phase). The studies used general scientific methodsto summarize the results of the studies, which are based on objectivity, demonstrability, reproduction, and mathematical and statistical methods – for processing experimental data.The studies established that on average over three years of research, the optimal indicators of the leaf area of marigolds were characterized by the following variants: spraying of vegetative plants with Azotofit R, Avangard Stimul preparations and pre-sowing treatment of seeds with the growth regulator Ivin, the values were respectively: 430, 421 and 414 cm2/plant, exceeding the controls by42–56 cm2/plant. The maximum photosynthetic potential was determined in the period fromthe beginning to the end of plant flowering, the values on the control variants were8630–8362 cm2×day/plant, and with the use of plant growth regulators the indicators increasedby 533–1 270 cm2×day/plant. The greatest effect was provided by the preparations Azotofit Rand Avangard Stimul for spraying vegetative plants, as well as Ivin – for seed treatment, withthe corresponding indicators: 9 632, 9 430 and 9 274 cm2×day/plant. Based on the data obtained, recommendations will be formed on the improved technology of growing marigolds, which may beof practical interest to farmers and scientific interest to the scientific community.