DIFFERENT QUALITY OF SEEDS, ESTIMATION OF FRACTIONAL COMPOSITION AND WEIGHT OF THOUSANDS OF SOYBEAN SEEDS DEPENDING ON VARIETAL COMPOSITION

Abstract

Modern soybean varieties must not only deliver maximum yields but also meet high quality standards, given the versatility of its use in various industries. The issue of improving the quality of soybean seeds is of strategic importance for Ukraine’s agricultural sector and remains relevant in the global context. From the point of view of breeding and seed production, obtaining high-quality seed material is a key factor contributing to achieving a stable and high economic effect.Seed plays a key role in determining the level of crop yields, and its quality and properties largely determine the potential for increasing the productivity of a particular variety.A well-reasoned choice of variety plays a key role in achieving maximum yields. At the same time,the variety is one of the most affordable and effective agronomic tools to minimise the negative impact of environmental constraints on soybean productivity. It also provides a high level of adaptability to specific growing conditions.The use of high quality seeds is a key factor in realising the genetic potential of crops laid down by breeders. Investments in high-quality seeds are justified from an economic point of view, as numerous studies confirm their positive impact on increasing crop yields. Given the growing competitionand increasing demand in the agricultural market, it is necessary to strengthen control over the quality of seed material. Evaluation of its characteristics plays a fundamental role in the decision-making process regarding compliance with standardised requirements. At the same time, despite significant progress in improving the productivity of modern soybean varieties, problems related to the lackof adaptability of certain varieties, their environmental stability and plasticity remain relevant.