INFLUENCE OF POST-HARVEST TREATMENT AND PRE-SOWING SEED PREPARATION ON SOWING QUALITY AND YIELD OF VEGETABLE BEANS

Abstract

Studies related to post-harvest processing and pre-sowing seed preparation are important to ensure optimal conditions for the growth, development, and formation of a quality crop and seed material of vegetable beans. The main goal of the article is to study the impact of post-harvest processing and pre-sowing preparation on seed quality and yield of beans of the Olga vegetable variety. The research used methods of agronomic research, approved scientific recommendations for conducting field and laboratory experiments, as well as methods of mathematical processing of the obtained data. The results showed that the best indicators of bean sowing suitability were observed in the options for sowing large seeds: germination energy was 91.5%, laboratory germination was 95.1%. These indicators were lower in the medium seed, and the worst in the shallow seed. It was established that the germination energy of bean seeds compared to the control (89.7%) decreased in seeds with macro injuries – by 3.7%, with medium injuries - by 2.7%, with microinjuries – by 2.3% (at the level of control). The laboratory germination of seeds compared to the control (91.5%) decreased: for seeds with macrotraumas – by 3.6%, with an average degree of trauma – by 3.0%, with microtraumas – by 2.1% (at the control level). It was determined that by applying the pre-sowing treatment of beans of the Olga variety with the preparation «Rizoactive Beans» it is possible to increase the field germination of seeds (up to 87.2%) and the survival of bean plants (up to 84.7%). On average, over the years of the experiment at the control level (1.39 t/ha), the yield of bean seeds of the Olga vegetable variety is formed by sowing seeds treated with the drug «Rizoactive Beans» (2 l/t) and seeds with microtraumas (1.36 t/ha ), and the yield of conditioned seeds will be 84.5% The research thus confirms the importance of seed sizing (in the post-harvest process) and the feasibility of using inoculants to achieve high yields and quality of bean seed, which is of practical importance to agronomists and farmers.