PECULIARITIES OF SUGAR BEET PRODUCTIVITY FORMATION BY OPTIMIZING THEIR MICRONUTRIENT NUTRITION

Abstract

The article presents the results of studies on the impact of foliar application of different doses of Majestic Bor microfertilizer on the productivity of sugar beets, which were carried out during 2022–2024 in the fields of the beet-growing farm of the Poltava region.The purpose of our experiments was to study the impact of different doses of Majestic Bor microfertilizer, applied foliarly, on the productive and quality characteristics of sugar beets in the conditions of the Left- Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.Calculations of the density of sugar beet plants before harvesting showed that if in the control before harvesting the plant density decreased by 27,3%, then in the variants with different doses of Majestic Bor this indicator turned out to be 1,5–2,3 times less. However, the least over the years of research the density of crop plants decreased in the areas of the variant where Majestic Bor was applied twice in doses of 1,5 l/ha – by 12,1%. Here, the number of plants per 1 ha at the time of harvesting was the largest and amounted to 96,8 thousand/ha.The yield of root crops over the years of research was the maximum and demonstrably higher in the variants where Majestic Bor was applied twice in doses of 1,5 l/ha (57,8 t/ha) and once in a dose of 3 l/ha (56,3 t/ha). This significantly exceeded the control variant (45,2 t/ha), and also turned out to be greater than the variant with a double application of Majestic Bor in a dose of 1 l/ha (52,4 t/ha).As for the accumulation of sugar in root crops, this process took place most actively in beet plants in variants with a double application of microfertilizer in doses of 1,5 l/ha and a single application in a dose of 3 l/ha. It was here that the sugar content was the highest and amounted to, on average, 18,7 and 18,5%, respectively, which was 1,4–1,2% higher than the control.The main integral indicator of beet sugar production – sugar yield per 1 ha – according to the results of three- year studies was maximum on the same variants where the yield of root crops was the highest, that is, on areas where Majestic Bor was applied twice at 1,5 l/ha (10,81 t/ha) and once at a dose of 3 l/ha (10,42 t/ha).