INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS ON THE FORMATION OF SEEDLINGS AND YIELD OF LEEK (ALLIUM PORRUM L.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/naturaljournal.16.2026.26Keywords:
leek, plug seedlings, non-plug seedlings, seedling age, seedling feeding area, yieldAbstract
Higher yield of leeks under seedling cultivation in the Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine. To lower the production cost of leek seedlings, higher sowing densities are applied. However, reducing the feeding area of leek seedlings requires an optimal balance with the duration of cultivation. The article provides an assessment of the influence of plug and non-plug seedling cultivation methods (factor A), seedling age of 60–70 days (factor B) and average seedling feeding area of 8–16 cm2 (factor C) on the growth and yield of leeks. The study was conducted in Cherkasy region (Uman National University) in 2020–2022. The biometric parameters of the root system and leaves of seedlings was assessed depending on the studied conditions, along with post-transplant growth dynamics and the quality of marketable leek yield. Based on the conducted studies, it was found that all the studied factors significantly influenced the quality of leek seedlings. The largest total mass of seedlings (2.34 g·plant-1) was obtained when growing 70-day-old plug seedlings on a feeding area of 16 cm2. During the planting period, the highest was the 70-day-old non-plug seedling – 15.1–16.2 cm. However, the mass of the root system is significantly greater than that of the plug cultivation method – 0.88–1.08 g·plant-1. The share of root mass in plug seedlings was 36–46 % of the total. Lower biometric parameters were in leek seedlings grown for 60 days and a feeding area of 8 cm2. Leek from plug seedlings developed intensively after transplanting into the field and after two months increased leaf area by 66–79 %. With the bare-root method of growing seedlings, the increase in leaf area was 38–69 %, respectively. Growing leek seedlings two plants per cell (feeding area 8 cm2) significantly increases the overall yield due to greater density of plantings. The increase in yield of 70-day seedlings on average by factor B was 4.8 t·ha-1, compared to 60-day seedlings. The average yield of non-plug seedlings of leek on factor A was 1.3 times lower, compared to plug seedlings. The obtained data indicate the feasibility of growing leek seedlings in plug two plants per cell with a feeding area of 8 cm2 for 70 days.
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