FORMATION OF YIELD STRUCTURE AND PRODUCTIVITY OF SOYBEAN UNDER DIFFERENT TILLAGE SYSTEMS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE RIGHT-BANK FOREST-STEPPE OF UKRAINE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/naturaljournal.17.2026.24Keywords:
mini-till, strip-till, conventional tillage system, weight 1000 seed, protein, oilAbstract
The article presents the results of research on the impact of different tillage systems on the formation of individual plant productivity, seed fraction composition, and biochemical parameters of soybean grains under the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of conventional, minimized (mini-till), and strip-till soil management systems in cultivating medium-maturing soybean varieties ES Mentor and Палладаa under contemporary climate change conditions. Field experiments were conducted in 2024–2025 on an Albeluvisol (loamy heavy soil) using a split-plot design with four replications. The study evaluated indicators of individual plant productivity, thousand-seed weight, seed bulk density, seed fraction composition, protein and oil content, as well as the conditional yield of major biochemical components. It was found that the formation of soybean productivity and grain quality was determined by the complex interaction between varietal traits and tillage systems. The Палладаa variety was characterized by a higher number of pods and seeds per plant, while the ES Mentor variety produced larger and denser seeds with increased protein content. The conventional tillage system provided the highest values of total seed number, seed bulk density, and conditional protein and oil yield. At the same time, the use of mini-till and strip-till did not cause a significant decrease in individual plant productivity and allowed the main quality indicators to be maintained within the range of average statistical variability. Analysis of seed fraction composition showed that the conventional tillage system resulted in the highest proportion of marketable, fully developed seeds, whereas minimized technologies were associated with an increase in the share of small fractions, especially under strip-till. Protein and oil content in seeds was primarily determined by genotype, while their conditional yield depended on overall productivity levels. The results indicate the feasibility of combining adapted soybean varieties with resource-saving tillage systems to enhance production stability, preserve soil fertility, and ensure high product quality under changing climatic conditions.
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